Publicar solicitud de varias partes con el SDK de Android

Estoy tratando de hacer algo que pensé que sería relativamente simple: subir una imagen a un servidor con el SDK de Android. Encontré mucho código de ejemplo:

http://groups.google.com/group/android-developers/browse_thread/thread/f9e17bbaf50c5fc/46145fcacd450e48

http://linklens.blogspot.com/2009/06/android-multipart-upload.html

Pero ninguno funciona para mí. La confusión con la que me sigo encontrando es lo que realmente se necesita para hacer una solicitud de varias partes. ¿Cuál es la forma más sencilla de tener una carga de varias partes (con una imagen) para Android?

¡Cualquier ayuda o consejo será muy apreciado!

Actualización 29 de abril de 2014:

Mi respuesta es un poco vieja a estas alturas y supongo que prefieres usar algún tipo de biblioteca de alto nivel como Retrofit .

Basado en este blog, se me ocurrió la siguiente solución: http://blog.tacticalnuclearstrike.com/2010/01/using-multipartentity-in-android-applications/

¡Tendrá que descargar bibliotecas adicionales para comenzar a MultipartEntityfuncionar!

1) Descargue httpcomponents-client-4.1.zip desde http://james.apache.org/download.cgi#Apache_Mime4J y agregue apache-mime4j-0.6.1.jar a su proyecto.

2) Descargue httpcomponents-client-4.1-bin.zip desde http://hc.apache.org/downloads.cgi y agregue httpclient-4.1.jar, httpcore-4.1.jar y httpmime-4.1.jar a su proyecto.

3) Utilice el código de ejemplo a continuación.

private DefaultHttpClient mHttpClient;


public ServerCommunication() {
    HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
    params.setParameter(CoreProtocolPNames.PROTOCOL_VERSION, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
    mHttpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(params);
}


public void uploadUserPhoto(File image) {

    try {

        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("some url");

        MultipartEntity multipartEntity = new MultipartEntity(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);  
        multipartEntity.addPart("Title", new StringBody("Title"));
        multipartEntity.addPart("Nick", new StringBody("Nick"));
        multipartEntity.addPart("Email", new StringBody("Email"));
        multipartEntity.addPart("Description", new StringBody(Settings.SHARE.TEXT));
        multipartEntity.addPart("Image", new FileBody(image));
        httppost.setEntity(multipartEntity);

        mHttpClient.execute(httppost, new PhotoUploadResponseHandler());

    } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.e(ServerCommunication.class.getName(), e.getLocalizedMessage(), e);
    }
}

private class PhotoUploadResponseHandler implements ResponseHandler<Object> {

    @Override
    public Object handleResponse(HttpResponse response)
            throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {

        HttpEntity r_entity = response.getEntity();
        String responseString = EntityUtils.toString(r_entity);
        Log.d("UPLOAD", responseString);

        return null;
    }

}

Como MultiPartEntityestá en desuso . ¡Así que aquí está la nueva forma de hacerlo! Y solo los necesita httpcore.jar(latest)y los httpmime.jar(latest)descarga del sitio de Apache.

try
{
    HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
    HttpPost post = new HttpPost(URL);

    MultipartEntityBuilder entityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
    entityBuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);

    entityBuilder.addTextBody(USER_ID, userId);
    entityBuilder.addTextBody(NAME, name);
    entityBuilder.addTextBody(TYPE, type);
    entityBuilder.addTextBody(COMMENT, comment);
    entityBuilder.addTextBody(LATITUDE, String.valueOf(User.Latitude));
    entityBuilder.addTextBody(LONGITUDE, String.valueOf(User.Longitude));

    if(file != null)
    {
        entityBuilder.addBinaryBody(IMAGE, file);
    }

    HttpEntity entity = entityBuilder.build();
    post.setEntity(entity);
    HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
    HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
    result = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);
    Log.v("result", result);
}
catch(Exception e)
{
    e.printStackTrace();
}

Aquí está la solución LIGHT WEIGHTED que funcionó para mí sin HTTPCore externo y tales bibliotecas. Estaba enfrentando un problema de métodos de 64K, por lo que no me queda opción para evitar las bibliotecas HTTPCore

import java.util.List;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * This utility class provides an abstraction layer for sending multipart HTTP
 * POST requests to a web server.
 *
 * @author www.codejava.net
 */
public class MultipartUtility {
    private final String boundary;
    private static final String LINE_FEED = "\r\n";
    private HttpURLConnection httpConn;
    private String charset;
    private OutputStream outputStream;
    private PrintWriter writer;

    /**
     * This constructor initializes a new HTTP POST request with content type
     * is set to multipart/form-data
     *
     * @param requestURL
     * @param charset
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public MultipartUtility(String requestURL, String charset)
            throws IOException {
        this.charset = charset;

        // creates a unique boundary based on time stamp
        boundary = "===" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "===";

        URL url = new URL(requestURL);
        httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        httpConn.setUseCaches(false);
        httpConn.setDoOutput(true); // indicates POST method
        httpConn.setDoInput(true);
        httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
                "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary);
        httpConn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "CodeJava Agent");
        httpConn.setRequestProperty("Test", "Bonjour");
        outputStream = httpConn.getOutputStream();
        writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, charset),
                true);
    }

    /**
     * Adds a form field to the request
     *
     * @param name  field name
     * @param value field value
     */
    public void addFormField(String name, String value) {
        writer.append("--" + boundary).append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + name + "\"")
                .append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.append("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=" + charset).append(
                LINE_FEED);
        writer.append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.append(value).append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.flush();
    }

    /**
     * Adds a upload file section to the request
     *
     * @param fieldName  name attribute in <input type="file" name="..." />
     * @param uploadFile a File to be uploaded
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void addFilePart(String fieldName, File uploadFile)
            throws IOException {
        String fileName = uploadFile.getName();
        writer.append("--" + boundary).append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.append(
                "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + fieldName
                        + "\"; filename=\"" + fileName + "\"")
                .append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.append(
                "Content-Type: "
                        + URLConnection.guessContentTypeFromName(fileName))
                .append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.append("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary").append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.flush();

        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(uploadFile);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
        int bytesRead = -1;
        while ((bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            outputStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
        }
        outputStream.flush();
        inputStream.close();

        writer.append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.flush();
    }

    /**
     * Adds a header field to the request.
     *
     * @param name  - name of the header field
     * @param value - value of the header field
     */
    public void addHeaderField(String name, String value) {
        writer.append(name + ": " + value).append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.flush();
    }

    /**
     * Completes the request and receives response from the server.
     *
     * @return a list of Strings as response in case the server returned
     * status OK, otherwise an exception is thrown.
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public List<String> finish() throws IOException {
        List<String> response = new ArrayList<String>();

        writer.append(LINE_FEED).flush();
        writer.append("--" + boundary + "--").append(LINE_FEED);
        writer.close();

        // checks server's status code first
        int status = httpConn.getResponseCode();
        if (status == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                    httpConn.getInputStream()));
            String line = null;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                response.add(line);
            }
            reader.close();
            httpConn.disconnect();
        } else {
            throw new IOException("Server returned non-OK status: " + status);
        }

        return response;
    }
}

USO

private void uploadMedia() {
        try {

            String charset = "UTF-8";
            File uploadFile1 = new File("/sdcard/myvideo.mp4");
            String requestURL = Data.BASE_URL+Data.URL_UPLOAD_REACTION_TEST;

            MultipartUtility multipart = new MultipartUtility(requestURL, charset);

//            multipart.addHeaderField("User-Agent", "CodeJava");
//            multipart.addHeaderField("Test-Header", "Header-Value");

            multipart.addFormField("friend_id", "Cool Pictures");
            multipart.addFormField("userid", "Java,upload,Spring");

            multipart.addFilePart("uploadedfile", uploadFile1);

            List<String> response = multipart.finish();

            Log.v("rht", "SERVER REPLIED:");

            for (String line : response) {
                Log.v("rht", "Line : "+line);

            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

Código PHP para aceptar la carga

<?php

    $friend_id = $_REQUEST['friend_id'];
    $userid = $_REQUEST['userid'];

    echo 'friend_id : '.$friend_id. ' userid '.$userid;

    move_uploaded_file($_FILES['uploadedfile']['tmp_name'], "./uploads/".$_FILES["uploadedfile"]["name"]);

?>

Más fácil, ligero (32k) y mucho más rendimiento:

Biblioteca de cliente Http asincrónico de Android: http://loopj.com/android-async-http/

Implementación:

Cómo enviar un POST "multipart / form-data" en Android con Volley

Prueba esto:

    public void SendMultipartFile() {
    Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: SendMultipartFile");
    DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
    HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost( <url> );

    File file = new File("/sdcard/spider.jpg");

    Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: setting up multipart entity");

    MultipartEntity mpEntity = new MultipartEntity(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
    Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: file length = " + file.length());
    Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: file exist = " + file.exists());

    try {
        mpEntity.addPart("datafile", new FileBody(file, "application/octet"));
        mpEntity.addPart("id", new StringBody("1"));
    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
        Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: UnsupportedEncodingException");
        e1.printStackTrace();
    }

    httppost.setEntity(mpEntity);
    Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: executing request: " + httppost.getRequestLine());
    Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: request: " + httppost.getEntity().getContentType().toString());


    HttpResponse response;
    try {
        Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: about to execute");
        response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
        Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: executed");
        HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
        Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: respose code: " + response.getStatusLine().toString());
        if (resEntity != null) {
            Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: " + EntityUtils.toString(resEntity));
        }
        if (resEntity != null) {
            resEntity.consumeContent();
        }
    } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

Recomiendo encarecidamente Loopj.

Lo he usado con éxito para cargar varios archivos a la vez, incluidos diferentes tipos de mimo. Simplemente haz esto:

File myVideo = new File("/path/to/myvideo.mp4");
File myPic = new File("/path/to/mypic.jpg");
RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
try {
  params.put("profile_picture", myPic);
  params.put("my_video", myVideo);
} catch(FileNotFoundException e) {}

Para archivos grandes o muchos, es posible que deba aumentar la cantidad de tiempo de espera; de lo contrario, se usa el tiempo de espera predeterminado, que puede ser demasiado corto:

client.setTimeout(500000) //make this the appropriate timeout in milliseconds

Consulte estos enlaces para obtener una descripción completa de loopj y cómo usarlo, con mucho la biblioteca http asíncrona más fácil que he encontrado:

http://loopj.com/android-async-http/ http://loopj.com/android-async-http/doc/com/loopj/android/http/AsyncHttpClient.html

Elimine toda su dependencia httpclient, httpmime y agregue esta dependencia compile 'commons-httpclient:commons-httpclient:3.1'. Esta dependencia se ha integrado en MultipartRequestEntity para que pueda cargar fácilmente uno o más archivos al servidor

public class FileUploadUrlConnection extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {
private Context context;
private String url;
private List<File> files;

public FileUploadUrlConnection(Context context, String url, List<File> files) {
    this.context = context;
    this.url = url;
    this.files = files;
}

@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {

    HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
    PostMethod post = new PostMethod(url);
    HttpClientParams connectionParams = new HttpClientParams();

    post.setRequestHeader(// Your header goes here );

    try {
        Part[] parts = new Part[files.size()];
        for (int i=0; i<files.size(); i++) {
            Part part = new FilePart(files.get(i).getName(), files.get(i));
            parts[i] = part;
        }

        MultipartRequestEntity entity = new MultipartRequestEntity(parts, connectionParams);

        post.setRequestEntity(entity);

        int statusCode = client.executeMethod(post);
        String response = post.getResponseBodyAsString();

        Log.v("Multipart "," "+response);
        if(statusCode == 200) {
            return response;
        }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } 
 return null;
}

También puede agregar la solicitud y el tiempo de espera de respuesta

client.getParams().setParameter(CoreConnectionPNames.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, 10000);
client.getParams().setParameter(CoreConnectionPNames.SO_TIMEOUT, 10000);

public class Multipart{
    private final Map<String, String> headrs;
    private String url;
    private HttpURLConnection con;
    private OutputStream os;

    private String delimiter = "--";
    private String boundary = "TRR" + Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis()) + "TRR";

    public Multipart (String url, Map<String, String> headers) {
        this.url = url;
        this.headrs = headers;
    }

    public void connectForMultipart() throws Exception {
        con = (HttpURLConnection) (new URL(url)).openConnection();
        con.setRequestMethod("POST");
        con.setDoInput(true);
        con.setDoOutput(true);
        con.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headrs.entrySet()) {
            con.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }
        con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary);
        con.connect();
        os = con.getOutputStream();
    }

    public void addFormPart(String paramName, String value) throws Exception {
        writeParamData(paramName, value);
    }

    public void addFilePart(String paramName, String fileName, byte[] data) throws Exception {
        os.write((delimiter + boundary + "\r\n").getBytes());
        os.write(("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + paramName + "\"; filename=\"" + fileName + "\"\r\n").getBytes());
        os.write(("Content-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n").getBytes());
        os.write(("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary\r\n").getBytes());
        os.write("\r\n".getBytes());

        os.write(data);

        os.write("\r\n".getBytes());
    }

    public void finishMultipart() throws Exception {
        os.write((delimiter + boundary + delimiter + "\r\n").getBytes());
    }


    public String getResponse() throws Exception {
        InputStream is = con.getInputStream();
        byte[] b1 = new byte[1024];
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();

        while (is.read(b1) != -1)
            buffer.append(new String(b1));

        con.disconnect();

        return buffer.toString();
    }


    private void writeParamData(String paramName, String value) throws Exception {


        os.write((delimiter + boundary + "\r\n").getBytes());
        os.write("Content-Type: text/plain\r\n".getBytes());//;charset=utf-8
        os.write(("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + paramName + "\"\r\n").getBytes());
        ;
        os.write(("\r\n" + value + "\r\n").getBytes());


    }
}

Entonces llama abajo

Multipart multipart = new Multipart(url__, map);
            multipart .connectForMultipart();
multipart .addFormPart(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
multipart .addFilePart(KeyName, "FileName", imagedata);
multipart .finishMultipart();

Puedo recomendar la biblioteca de Ion que use 3 dependencias y puede encontrar los tres archivos jar en estos dos sitios:
https://github.com/koush/ion#jars (ion y androidasync)

try {
   Ion.with(this, "http://www.urlthatyouwant.com/post/page")
   .setMultipartParameter("field1", "This is field number 1")
   .setMultipartParameter("field2", "Field 2 is shorter")
   .setMultipartFile("imagefile",
        new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/testfile.jpg"))
   .asString()
   .setCallback(new FutureCallback<String>() {
        @Override
        public void onCompleted(Exception e, String result) {
             System.out.println(result);
        }});
   } catch(Exception e) {
     // Do something about exceptions
        System.out.println("exception: " + e);
   }

esto se ejecutará de forma asincrónica y la devolución de llamada se ejecutará en el hilo de la interfaz de usuario una vez que se reciba una respuesta. Le recomiendo encarecidamente que vaya a https://github.com/koush/ion para obtener más información.

Aquí hay un enfoque simple si está utilizando la biblioteca AOSP Volley.

Amplíe la clase de la Request<T>siguiente manera:

public class MultipartRequest extends Request<String> {
    private static final String FILE_PART_NAME = "file";
    private final Response.Listener<String> mListener;
    private final Map<String, File> mFilePart;
    private final Map<String, String> mStringPart;
    MultipartEntityBuilder entity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
    HttpEntity httpentity;

    public MultipartRequest(String url, Response.ErrorListener errorListener,
                            Response.Listener<String> listener, Map<String, File> file,
                            Map<String, String> mStringPart) {
        super(Method.POST, url, errorListener);
        mListener = listener;
        mFilePart = file;
        this.mStringPart = mStringPart;
        entity.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
        buildMultipartEntity();
    }

    public void addStringBody(String param, String value) {
        mStringPart.put(param, value);
    }

    private void buildMultipartEntity() {
        for (Map.Entry<String, File> entry : mFilePart.entrySet()) {
            // entity.addPart(entry.getKey(), new FileBody(entry.getValue(), ContentType.create("image/jpeg"), entry.getKey()));
            try {
                entity.addBinaryBody(entry.getKey(), Utils.toByteArray(new FileInputStream(entry.getValue())), ContentType.create("image/jpeg"), entry.getKey() + ".JPG");
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : mStringPart.entrySet()) {
            if (entry.getKey() != null && entry.getValue() != null) {
                entity.addTextBody(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String getBodyContentType() {
        return httpentity.getContentType().getValue();
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] getBody() throws AuthFailureError {
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        try {
            httpentity = entity.build();
            httpentity.writeTo(bos);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            VolleyLog.e("IOException writing to ByteArrayOutputStream");
        }
        return bos.toByteArray();
    }

    @Override
    protected Response<String> parseNetworkResponse(NetworkResponse response) {
        Log.d("Response", new String(response.data));
        return Response.success(new String(response.data), getCacheEntry());
    }

    @Override
    protected void deliverResponse(String response) {
        mListener.onResponse(response);
    }
}

Puede crear y agregar una solicitud como-

Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
        params.put("name", name.getText().toString());
        params.put("email", email.getText().toString());
        params.put("user_id", appPreferences.getInt( Utils.PROPERTY_USER_ID, -1) + "");
        params.put("password", password.getText().toString());
        params.put("imageName", pictureName);
        Map<String, File> files = new HashMap<>();
        files.put("photo", new File(Utils.LOCAL_RESOURCE_PATH + pictureName));
        MultipartRequest multipartRequest = new MultipartRequest(Utils.BASE_URL + "editprofile/" + appPreferences.getInt(Utils.PROPERTY_USER_ID, -1), new Response.ErrorListener() {
            @Override
            public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                Log.d("Error: ", error.toString());
                FugaDialog.showErrorDialog(ProfileActivity.this);
            }
        }, new Response.Listener<String>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(String jsonResponse) {
                JSONObject response = null;
                try {
                    Log.d("jsonResponse: ", jsonResponse);
                    response = new JSONObject(jsonResponse);

                } catch (JSONException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                try {
                    if (response != null && response.has("statusmessage") && response.getBoolean("statusmessage")) {
                        updateLocalRecord();

                    }
                } catch (JSONException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                FugaDialog.dismiss();
            }

        }, files, params);
        RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
        queue.add(multipartRequest);

Para la posteridad, no vi que se mencionara okhttp. Publicación relacionada.

Básicamente, construye el cuerpo usando un MultipartBody.Builder y luego publica esto en una solicitud.

Ejemplo en kotlin:

    val body = MultipartBody.Builder()
            .setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
            .addFormDataPart(
                "file", 
                file.getName(),
                RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/png"), file)
            )
            .addFormDataPart("timestamp", Date().time.toString())
            .build()

    val request = Request.Builder()
            .url(url)
            .post(body)
            .build()

    httpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(object : okhttp3.Callback {
        override fun onFailure(call: Call?, e: IOException?) {
            ...
        }

        override fun onResponse(call: Call?, response: Response?) {
            ...
        }
    })

Puede usar GentleRequest, que es una biblioteca liviana para realizar solicitudes http (DESCARGO DE RESPONSABILIDAD: soy el autor):

Connections connections = new HttpConnections();
Binary binary = new PacketsBinary(new 
BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file)), 
   file.length());
//Content-Type is set to multipart/form-data; boundary= 
//{generated by multipart object}
MultipartForm multipart = new HttpMultipartForm(
    new HttpFormPart("user", "aplication/json", 
       new JSONObject().toString().getBytes()),
    new HttpFormPart("java", "java.png", "image/png", 
       binary.content()));
Response response = connections.response(new 
    PostRequest(url, multipart));
if (response.hasSuccessCode()) {
    byte[] raw = response.body().value();
    String string = response.body().stringValue();
    JSONOBject json = response.body().jsonValue();
 } else {

 }

No dude en consultarlo: https://github.com/Iprogrammerr/Gentle-Request