¿Cómo puede un punto NO estar dentro o tocar pero aún intersecar un polígono?

11

Estoy trabajando con archivos de forma censal (multipolígonos) y tengo otra tabla con puntos. Registramos en qué bloque censal se encuentra cada punto. Tengo un punto que devuelve falso para todas las consultas ST_Within y ST_Touches. Sin embargo, devuelve verdadero para ST_Intersects en un bloque.

Si fuera otro polígono, puedo entender cómo sucedería esto, pero ¿cómo puede un solo punto (he verificado que este sea el caso) ser verdadero para Intersects pero falso tanto para Inside como para Touches? Al examinarlo en QGis, parece que debería ser cierto para los toques.

Nuestra tabla tiene millones de puntos y solo este único punto parece tener algún problema. Ejecuté ST_IsValid tanto en el polígono como en el punto.

Soy bastante nuevo en los datos de geometría. ¿Me estoy perdiendo algo sobre cómo funciona esto?

Y el bloque poligonal (geoide: '170898507021157')

SELECT ST_Within(pt, geom), ST_Touches(pt, geom), ST_Intersects(pt, geom)
FROM ( VALUES
    (
        ST_SetSRID( ST_GeometryFromText($$MULTIPOLYGON(((-88.466933 42.139013,-88.464586 42.139034,-88.463821 42.13901,-88.463811 42.138813,-88.463815 42.138705,-88.46382 42.138572,-88.463849 42.138468,-88.463886 42.138398,-88.464044 42.138452,-88.464239 42.138464,-88.464616 42.138472,-88.464961 42.138468,-88.465318 42.13846,-88.465558 42.138464,-88.465695 42.138443,-88.465824 42.138402,-88.465969 42.138319,-88.466048 42.138248,-88.466106 42.138161,-88.466135 42.138057,-88.466148 42.1379,-88.466149 42.137731,-88.466143 42.137406,-88.466143 42.137086,-88.466131 42.136945,-88.466098 42.13685,-88.466027 42.136746,-88.46596 42.136677,-88.465799 42.136609,-88.465571 42.136559,-88.465359 42.136534,-88.465167 42.136547,-88.464221 42.136559,-88.464216 42.136248,-88.464199 42.13609,-88.464179 42.135999,-88.46412 42.13587,-88.464046 42.135779,-88.463847 42.135597,-88.463531 42.135373,-88.463341 42.135252,-88.46313 42.135068,-88.462915 42.134957,-88.462601 42.134865,-88.462337 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        ST_GeometryFromText('POINT(-88.450000 42.135254)',4326)
    )
) AS t(geom, pt);
indiri
fuente
¡Bienvenido a GIS SE! Como nuevo usuario, realice el recorrido para conocer nuestro formato de preguntas y respuestas.
Midavalo
1
Posiblemente el punto está en la línea entre dos vértices. Al menos esa es la impresión que obtengo de la documentación de Esri (intersección significa no disjunto; toca significa en un vértice).
mkennedy
¿Es posible que el punto se encuentre dentro del cuadro delimitador de un multipolígono NS ST_Intersects toma la geometría delimitadora del multipolígono mientras que los demás solo toman lo que se encuentra en las coordenadas exactas de la entidad? ¿Puedes publicar una captura de pantalla del punto / poli en QGIS?
DPSEspacial
Tengo un pequeño problema con Imgur desde mi computadora portátil, pero he agregado la geometría para los dos anteriores. Ambos son SRID 4326
indiri
Whoof, aquí estaba revisando la Matriz de 9 intersecciones dimensionalmente extendida (DE-9IM) y me preguntaba si me faltaba algo. Vuelve 0F2FF1FF2aquí
Evan Carroll

Respuestas:

6

ST_Within(A,B)te dice si " Aestá dentro B". ¿Está el polígono dentro del punto? No ST_Contains(A, B)te dice si " Acontiene B" y lo es.

SELECT ST_Within(geom,pt), ST_Contains(geom,pt), ST_Touches(geom,pt), ST_Intersects(geom,pt)
FROM ( VALUES
    (
    ST_SetSRID( ST_GeometryFromText($$MULTIPOLYGON(((-88.466933 42.139013,-88.464586 42.139034,-88.463821 42.13901,-88.463811 42.138813,-88.463815 42.138705,-88.46382 42.138572,-88.463849 42.138468,-88.463886 42.138398,-88.464044 42.138452,-88.464239 42.138464,-88.464616 42.138472,-88.464961 42.138468,-88.465318 42.13846,-88.465558 42.138464,-88.465695 42.138443,-88.465824 42.138402,-88.465969 42.138319,-88.466048 42.138248,-88.466106 42.138161,-88.466135 42.138057,-88.466148 42.1379,-88.466149 42.137731,-88.466143 42.137406,-88.466143 42.137086,-88.466131 42.136945,-88.466098 42.13685,-88.466027 42.136746,-88.46596 42.136677,-88.465799 42.136609,-88.465571 42.136559,-88.465359 42.136534,-88.465167 42.136547,-88.464221 42.136559,-88.464216 42.136248,-88.464199 42.13609,-88.464179 42.135999,-88.46412 42.13587,-88.464046 42.135779,-88.463847 42.135597,-88.463531 42.135373,-88.463341 42.135252,-88.46313 42.135068,-88.462915 42.134957,-88.462601 42.134865,-88.462337 42.134822,-88.461619 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42.134081,-88.45546 42.13408,-88.455658 42.134071,-88.455717 42.13407,-88.455796 42.134076,-88.455874 42.134088,-88.455948 42.134108,-88.45602 42.134134,-88.456046 42.134146,-88.456482 42.134355,-88.457315 42.134739,-88.457836 42.135006,-88.457946 42.134877,-88.458112 42.134687,-88.458204 42.134552,-88.458247 42.134447,-88.458229 42.134374),(-88.452273 42.135697,-88.452285 42.135431,-88.452274 42.135336,-88.452194 42.134994,-88.452165 42.134926,-88.452102 42.134856,-88.452036 42.134814,-88.451952 42.134783,-88.451842 42.134768,-88.450207 42.134731,-88.450045 42.134734,-88.449883 42.134753,-88.449809 42.134767,-88.449989 42.135232,-88.450033 42.13532,-88.450071 42.135375,-88.450125 42.135435,-88.450188 42.135489,-88.450274 42.135547,-88.450379 42.1356,-88.450498 42.135641,-88.450645 42.13567,-88.451787 42.135817,-88.45195 42.135827,-88.452057 42.135822,-88.452288 42.13579,-88.452273 42.135697)))$$), 4326 ),
    ST_GeometryFromText('POINT(-88.450000 42.135254)',4326)
    )
) AS t(geom, pt);

Aquí están los resultados como se ven en mi computadora:

 st_within | st_contains | st_touches | st_intersects 
-----------+-------------+------------+---------------
 f         | t           | f          | t
Paul Ramsey
fuente
Estaba haciendo ST_Within (punto, geom) (es un punto dentro de geom) y me devolvió falso. La edición anterior fue ingresada por alguien incorrectamente. Y mi computadora también lo devuelve falso para el tacto. Verifiqué que el polígono es válido. Si te estás volviendo fiel a ST_Touches, ¿por qué no? Todos los bloques se importaron a la vez (¿parece poco probable que solo uno se importe corrupto?) Y los otros regresan correctamente incluso cuando el punto solo toca.
indiri
2
Bueno, entonces volveré a mi comentario anterior en el sentido de que has descubierto una diferencia muy pequeña entre las implementaciones en GEOS (dentro / contiene) y PostGIS (intersecciones). El hecho de que estoy viendo resultados correctos es probablemente el resultado de la transición del formato binario al texto y viceversa, ya que la diferencia es tan pequeña que solo esa transformación podría afectarlo.
Paul Ramsey
@PaulRamsey Creo que su idea original se relaciona con el comportamiento extraño similar que vi en esta pregunta . En ese caso, fueron las funciones de geometría QGIS, que utilizan GEOS debajo del capó.
Steven Kay
Así que creo que tu comentario es realmente la respuesta aquí, pero voy a marcarlo como completo. Gracias por la interesante idea!
indiri
0

Algunas aclaraciones más sobre esta situación:

  • El punto se encuentra correctamente dentro del polígono (apenas)
  • Debido a que el punto se encuentra en el interior del polígono, ST_Touchesregresa false. (Volvería truesi el punto estuviera exactamente en el límite del polígono)
  • Para mí correr devuelve la consulta previstos truepara ST_Within, como se esperaba. Esto puede deberse a diferencias de punto flotante en la plataforma, o posiblemente debido a actualizaciones en la biblioteca GEOS.

Entonces todo sale como se esperaba.

dr_jts
fuente